Journal of Social Entrepreneurship

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Little is known about the way Social Finance (SF) experts conceptualise and align the resources they provide to impact-driven ventures (IDVs). This paper investigates 1) the tools SF experts apply to guide business model development of their investees and 2) the activities they perceive as value-adding or value-subtracting. Findings suggest that different strategies for business model advice are adopted, reflecting a spectrum of investor involvement levels, and that a wide range of activities have the potential to either add significant value to IDVs or detract them from their goals.

Silva, H. P., Lehoux, P., Pozelli Sabio, R. (2024). The multifaceted role of social finance in supporting social entrepreneurship: A qualitative inquiry into business tools and value-adding and subtracting activities. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship.

International Journal of Health Policy and Management

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Applying the Responsible Innovation in Health (RIH) framework, this study describes the enablers and constraints to the development, procurement and/or utilisation of responsible Digital Health Technologies (DHTs) in health organisations. It highlights organisational and systemic factors related to: 1) the presence of an organisational culture that promotes RIH in its innovation-related practices and processes; 2) the availability of material and financial resources as well as expertise in certain fields (eg, environmental sustainability); 3) the evolution of health technology assessment (HTA) practices to include other dimensions beyond effectiveness, safety, and costs; 4) the scope of the regulatory and legal frameworks that govern the approval and use of DHTs; and 5) the role of the market (eg, venture capital) in the design of federal and provincial innovation policies.

Alami, H., Lehoux, P., Shaw, S. E., Niang, M., Malas, K., Fortin, J.-P. (2024). To what extent can digital health technologies comply with the principles of responsible innovation? Practice- and policy-oriented research insights regarding an organisational and systemic issue. International Journal of Health Policy and Management. 13, 8061,

BMC Health Services Research

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Despite their promises, the integration of Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies integration within healthcare organisations and systems remains limited. This study applies the Non-Adoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread, Sustainability (NASSS) framework to generate a better understanding of the systemic challenges observed in a leading Canadian academic hospital. It adds to current knowledge and can inform decision-making towards a judicious, responsible, and sustainable integration of these technologies in healthcare organisations and systems.

Alami, H., Lehoux, P., Papoutsi, C., Shaw, S., Fleet, R., Fortin, J.-P. (2024). Understanding the integration of artificial intelligence in health systems through the NASSS framework: A qualitative study in a leading Canadian academic centreBMC Health Services Research. 24, 701

Digital Health

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This article: 1) explores stakeholders’ perspectives on integrating the environmental impacts of Digital Health Technologies (DHTs) in assessment and procurement practices; 2) identifies the factors enabling or constraining the operationalisation of such a change; and 3) encourages a constructive dialogue on how environmental issues fit within healthcare systems’ push for more DHTs. Considering the micro-, meso-, and macro-systemic factors involved, a better understanding of the complexity inherent in the environmental shift in healthcare is needed.

Alami, H., Rivard, L., Lehoux, P., Ag Ahmed, M.A., Fortin, J-P, Fleet, R. (2023). Integrating environmental considerations in digital health technology assessment and procurement: Stakeholders’ perspectives. Digital Health. 9.

Agriculture and Human Values

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This critical review of the scientific literature on Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) in food systems (published between 2017 and 2023) summarises why, what and how responsibility is integrated in food systems. There is a need to develop more collaborative and reflexive work to unlock RRI’s potential to inform policy and practice that can foster more responsive and inclusive food systems capable of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Pozelli Sabio, R., Lehoux, P. (2024). Responsible research and innovation in food systems: a critical review of the literature and future research avenues. Agriculture and Human Values.

Business, Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility

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This study explores the relationship between the entrepreneurial skillsets of 16 Canadian and Brazilian for-profits and not-for-profits producing Responsible Innovations in Health (RIH) and their degree of responsibility. We identify four skillsets: Technical, Technical + Business, Social, and Social + Business. Findings associated to the overall RIH score are intriguing: the presence of business skills appears to mediate the relationship between skillsets and the degree of responsibility. This may be linked to ordinary capabilities —“doing things right”— and dynamic capabilities —“doing the right things.” Because “falling in love” with RIH is not sufficient, there is a need to properly orchestrate capabilities to reconcile economic and social goals.

Lehoux, P., Silva, H.P., Denis-, J.-L, Morioka, S.N., Harfoush, N., Sabio, R.P. (2023). What entrepreneurial skillsets support responsible value creation in health and social care? A mixed methods study. Business, Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility. 

Journal of the Knowledge Economy

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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a critical role in driving innovations and creating value for society. Yet, SMEs are also particularly vulnerable in times of crisis, in part because of their newness and smallness. This study provides insights into how Covid-19 triggered transformative responses in the business model of SMEs producing responsible innovation in health and social care. A multilevel approach to business model challenges can help entrepreneurs be better prepared for what may remain a challenging entrepreneurial journey.

Silva, H., Lehoux, P., Sabio, R. (2023). Challenges to responsible value creation during the Covid-19 pandemic: A multiple case study on SMEs’ transformative responses. Journal of the Knowledge Economy.

Journal of Medical Internet Research

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Clinicians’ scope of responsibilities is being steadily transformed by digital health solutions that operate with or without artificial intelligence (DAI solutions). Most tools developed to foster ethical practices lack rigor and do not concurrently capture the health, social, economic, and environmental issues that such solutions raise. The tool that our team developed through a rigorous 3-step study design offers a comprehensive, valid, and reliable means of assessing the degree of responsibility of DAI health solutions. As regulation remains limited, this forward-looking tool has the potential to change practice toward more equitable as well as economically and environmentally sustainable digital health care.

Lehoux, P., Rocha de Oliveira, R., Rivard, L., Silva, H. P., Alami, H. Mörch, C.-M., Malas, K. (2023). A comprehensive, valid, and reliable tool to assess the degree of responsibility of digital solutions that operate with or without artificial intelligence. 3-phase mixed methods study. Journal of Medical Internet Research.

Journal of Responsible Innovation

This qualitative study addresses how social finance investors select potential innovative projects and the principles they judge important in their work. Our findings show a combination of criteria, including entrepreneurial motivations and environmental, social and governance commitments, and clarify the nature of the impacts they seek. Though not all interviewees had knowledge about the concept of responsibility, they nonetheless mobilized a broad set of principles that are closely aligned with the aims and practices of Responsible Innovation.

Silva., H., Lehoux, P., Sabio R. P., (2023). Mobilizing capital for responsible innovation: the role of social finance in supporting innovative projects. Journal of Responsible Innovation.

BMJ Leader

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Focusing on a subset of 34 tools identified through a comprehensive scoping review, this qualitative thematic analysis identifies and illustrates how two responsibility principles—environmental sustainability and organisational responsibility—are meant to be put in practice. Recognising that key design and development decisions in the digital health industry are largely shaped by market considerations, this study indicates that significant work lies ahead for medical and organisation leaders to support the development of solutions fit for climate change.

Rivard. L., Lehoux, P., Rocha de Oliveira, R., Alami, H. (2023). Thematic analysis of tools for health innovators and organisation leaders to develop digital health solutions fit for climate change. BMJ Leader.